(1) Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies

Since 1967, Dataram Corporation (“Dataram” or the “Company”) has been a leading independent manufacturer of memory products and provider of performance solutions. The Company provides customized memory solutions for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and compatible memory for leading brands including Cisco, Dell, Fujitsu, HP, IBM, Lenovo and Oracle as well as a line of memory products for Intel and AMD motherboard based servers.  Dataram manufactures its memory in-house to meet three key criteria - quality, compatibility, and selection - and tests its memory for performance and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) compatibility as part of the production process.  With memory designed for over 50,000 systems and with products that range from energy-efficient DDR4 modules to legacy SDR offerings, Dataram offers one of the most complete portfolios in the industry.   Backed by in-depth quality test programs, nearly fifty years of manufacturing expertise, and a limited lifetime warranty, Dataram memory products are built to last.  The company is a CMTL Premier Participant and ISO 9001 (2008 Certified). Its products are fully compliant with JEDEC Specifications.

Dataram’s customers include an international network of distributors, resellers, retailers, OEM customers and end users.

Dataram competes with several other large independent memory manufacturers and the OEMs noted above.  The primary raw material used in producing memory boards is dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips. The purchase cost of DRAMs is the largest single component of the total cost of a finished memory board. Consequently, average selling prices for computer memory boards are significantly dependent on the pricing and availability of DRAM chips.

In addition to memory products, Dataram offers solutions that provide our customers significant and quantifiable cost savings (reduction in total cost of ownership) while helping them manage end-of-life transitions.  These include:

Dataram has four business lines which provide complimentary solutions to the market.  Each has a different customer focus and “go to market” approach.  They are:

The Princeton Memory Business provides innovative new memory products that support enterprise / mission critical need; custom and high end memory solutions for most demanding customers ranging from enterprise and data center segments to power users and gamers; provides solutions to extend the density memory options available to customers.  The business also provides:

The Micro Memory Bank business provides new and refurbished memory products which are not commonly available.  These solutions extend the life of the system where memory is no longer available by the OEM, helping companies avoid the cost of additional hardware expenditures.  The business also provides:

Operating since 1994, 18004Memory.com provides a one-stop source for new and refurbished memory products used in desktops, laptops, notebooks, servers, MAC systems, printers, digital cameras, PDAs, MP3 players, and more.  They provide memory upgrades for all major brands including Compaq, Dell, Apple, Hewlett-Packard, Toshiba, IBM, Gateway, Sony, Fujitsu, Acer.  Products are backed by a limited lifetime warranty on all computer memory and 30-day money back guarantee

The Memorystore.com business provides a one-stop web source for “Dataram Value Memory” products used in desktops, laptops, notebooks, servers, workstations, and MAC systems.  Dataram Value Memory is memory specifically designed and tested to meet industry standards.  It is purchased by customers who know the exact technical specifications of the memory they need. Dataram Value Memory is fully compliant with JEDEC Specifications.  It is 100-percent tested and backed by a limited lifetime warranty.

In fiscal 2009, the Company acquired certain assets of Micro Memory Bank, Inc. ("MMB"), a privately held corporation.  The acquisition expanded the Company's memory product offerings and routes to market.

The Company was incorporated in New Jersey in 1967 and made its initial public offering in 1968.  Its common stock, $1 par value (the "Common Stock"), was listed for trading on the American Stock Exchange in 1981. In 2000 the Company changed its listing to the NASDAQ National Market (now the NASDAQ Stock Market) where its stock trades under the symbol "DRAM." The Company's principal executive office is located at 777 Alexander Park, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, its telephone number is (609) 799-0071, its fax is (609) 799-6734 and its website is located at http://www.dataram.com. Proxy Statements, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments thereto, are available on the Company’s website free of charge.

Liquidity and Basis of Presentation

The information for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014 is unaudited, but includes all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to state fairly the financial information set forth therein in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The interim results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full fiscal year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements for the year ended April 30, 2014 included in the Company’s 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The April 30, 2014 balance sheet has been derived from these statements.

The Company's financial statements are prepared using the accrual method of accounting in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company incurred losses in the amounts of approximately $2,609,000, $4,625,000 and $3,259,000, respectively. Net cash used in operating activities totaled approximately $1,554,000, $3,882,000 and $1,218,000 for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In the nine months ended January 31, 2015 the Company incurred losses of approximately $2,995,000, and used net cash in operations totaled approximately $2,356,000.

On July 15, 2014, the Company entered into a Subordinated Secured Convertible Bridge Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) governing the issuance of $750,000 aggregate principal amount of Subordinated Secured Convertible Bridge Notes (the “Bridge Notes”) and Warrants (the “Bridge Warrants”).  The Bridge Notes and Bridge Warrants were issued on July 15, 2014.  The Company issued $600,000 aggregate principal amount of the Bridge Notes to certain institutional investors (the “Institutional Investors”) and $150,000 aggregate principal amount of the Bridge Notes to certain members of management, officers and directors of the Company (collectively, “Management”). The Bridge Notes, the initial maturity date of which was October 15, 2014 (which was subject to a three-month extension at the option of the holders that occurred; see below), are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock. The initial conversion price for Institutional Investors is $2.50 per share (which was subsequently reduced; see below), and the initial conversion price for Management is equal to the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the closing date of the Purchase Agreement, $2.94. The Bridge Notes are secured obligations of the Company and bear interest at a rate of 8% per year. The Bridge Warrants are exercisable for five years after the closing date of the Purchase Agreement, or July 15, 2019. For each $1,000 of principal amount of Bridge Notes, the holder received 1,200 Bridge Warrants, each exercisable for the purchase of one share of the Company’s common stock. Each holder is entitled to exercise one-third of all Bridge Warrants received at an exercise price of $3.00, one-third of all Bridge Warrants received at an exercise price of $3.50, and one-third of all Bridge Warrants received at an exercise price that is equal to the closing price on the closing date of the Purchase Agreement, $2.94. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, and the waiver and consent agreement signed with the Institutional Investors the Company has agreed to register for re-sale the shares underlying the Bridge Notes and the Bridge Warrants on or before February 15, 2015, which did not occur. The Company intends to file a registration statement in the quarter ending April 30, 2015.

On October 15, 2014, the original maturity date of the Bridge Notes, the Bridge Notes were extended to January 15, 2015 for all holders of the Bridge Notes. On November 17, 2014 the Company closed the sale of 600,000 shares of its Series A Preferred Stock (the “Series A Stock”), which together the waiver and consent agreement, resulted in the reduction of the conversion price of the Bridge Notes held by the Institutional Investors to $2.00 from $2.50 to equal the conversion price of the Series A Preferred Stock (see below). In addition, two additional 90-day extensions were provided to the institutional investors, which could extend the final maturity date to July 15, 2015. The extensions expired on January 15, 2015 and at the quarter ended January 31, 2015 the Bridge Notes were in default. The Company paid off approximately $42,500 of the notes and received extensions from all Bridge note holders except for one holder of an $80,000 Bridge Note, which extend the maturity date to July 15, 2015 from the Bridge Note holders prior to this filing. The Company continues to accrue interest on the Bridges Notes. In the event the Bridge Notes are converted to equity, their incremental fair value will be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations. The Company has also advised Rosenthal and Rosenthal, Inc. of the default on the Bridge Notes which is a default under our finance agreement.

As disclosed above, on November 17, 2014 the Company closed a private placement of 600,000 shares of its Series A Stock, together with immediately exercisable, five-year warrants to purchase shares of its common stock (the “Preferred Warrants”), at a price of $5.00 per share of Series A Stock to certain otherwise unaffiliated Institutional Investors (the “Series A Investors”). The Series A Stock is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock in an amount initially calculated (subject to adjustment) by dividing the $5.00 stated value of each share of Series A Stock by $2.00. The Preferred Warrants have an initial exercise price of $2.50 per share (subject to adjustment). The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of these securities, after deducting the estimated offering expenses incurred by the Company, were approximately $2,697,000.

At any time from November 17, 2014, and prior to October 20, 2019 (the “Put/Call Exercise Period”), the Series A Investors may exercise a right to purchase and require the Company to sell up to an additional 700,000 shares of Series A Stock on terms identical to the terms for the original sale of the Series A Stock, except that, upon such exercise, no additional Preferred Warrants are granted. If the Series A Investors have not exercised this right in full during the Put/Call Exercise Period, the Company may exercise a right to cause and require the Series A Investors to purchase any or all of such otherwise un-purchased 700,000 shares of Series A Stock on terms identical to the terms for the original sale of the Series A Stock, except that, upon such exercise, no additional Preferred Warrants are granted, in either case for an aggregate purchase price of up to $3,500,000.

If current and projected revenue growth does not meet estimates, the Company may call upon the remaining Series A Stock available for sale. The Company has 673,400 Series A Shares available for call by the Company at $5.00 per share.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including deferred tax asset valuation allowances and certain other reserves and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. Some of the more significant estimates made by management include the allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns, inventory reserves, the deferred income tax asset valuation allowance and other operating allowances and accruals. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Engineering and Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, including Company-sponsored research and development and costs of patents and other intellectual property that have no alternative future use when acquired and in which we had an uncertainty in receiving future economic benefits. Development costs of a computer software product to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed are subject to capitalization beginning when a product’s technological feasibility has been established and ending when a product is available for general release to customers. Technological feasibility of a computer software product is established when all planning, designing, coding and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specifications (including functions, features and technical performance requirements) are completed.

The Company has been developing computer software for its storage caching product line. On May 1, 2014, the Company determined that technological feasibility for the product was established, and development costs subsequent to that date totaling approximately $365,000 have been capitalized. In December 2014 the Company suspended development of the software product. Prior to May 1, 2014, the Company expensed all development costs related to this product line.

Advertising

Advertising is expensed as incurred and amounted to approximately $23,000 and $84,000 in the three and nine months periods ended January 31, 2015, respectively compared to approximately $25,000 and $115,000 in the comparable prior year periods.

Income Taxes

The Company utilizes the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of the “Expenses – Income Taxes Topic” of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). Under the asset and liability method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The Company considers certain tax planning strategies in its assessment as to the recoverability of its tax assets. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in earnings in the period that the tax rate changes. The Company recognizes, in its consolidated financial statements, the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained on audit, based on technical merits of the position.  There are no material unrecognized tax positions in the financial statements. As of January 31, 2015, the Company had Federal and state net operating loss (“NOL”) carry-forwards of approximately $25,600,000 and $24,000,000, respectively. These can be used to offset future taxable income and expire between 2023 and 2034 for Federal tax purposes and 2016 and 2034 for state tax purposes. The Company’s NOL carry-forwards are a component of its deferred income tax assets which are reported net of a full valuation allowance in the Company’s consolidated financial statements at January 31, 2015 and April 30, 2014.

Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding during the period. The calculation of diluted loss per share for the three and nine months ended January 31, 2015 and 2014 includes only the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. The denominator excludes the dilutive effect of stock options and warrants outstanding as their effect would be anti-dilutive. The following presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share for the three-and nine-month periods ended January 31, 2015 and 2014.

Diluted net loss per common share for the three and nine month periods ended January 31, 2015 and 2014 do not include the effect of options to purchase 256,580 and 287,746 shares, respectively, of common stock because they are anti-dilutive. Diluted net loss per common share for the three and nine month periods ended January 31, 2015 and 2014 do not include the effect of warrants to purchase 2,975,775 and 221,875 shares of common stock, respectively because they are anti-dilutive. Diluted net loss per common share for the three and nine month periods ended January 31, 2015 does not include 600,000 preferred shares because they are anti-dilutive.

Common Stock Repurchases

On December 4, 2002, the Company announced an open market repurchase plan providing for the repurchase of up to 83,333 shares of the Company’s common stock. On April 10, 2012, the Company announced the additional authorization to repurchase up to 138,000 shares of the Company’s common stock which at that time made the total available for purchase up to 166,667 shares. In the quarter ended July 31, 2012, the Company repurchased 22,944 shares for a total cost of $142,262. The 22,944 shares purchased were cancelled in fiscal 2013. Subsequently, the Company has not repurchased any shares. As of January 31, 2015, the total number of shares authorized for purchase under the program is 136,408 shares.

Stock Option Expense

a. Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has a 2001 incentive and non-statutory stock option plan for the purpose of permitting certain key employees to acquire equity in the Company and to promote the growth and profitability of the Company by attracting and retaining key employees. In general, the plan allows granting of up to 300,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an option price to be no less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date such options are granted. Options granted under the plan vest ratably on the annual anniversary date of the grants. Vesting periods for options currently granted under the plan range from one to five years. No further options may be granted under this plan.

The Company also has a 2011 incentive and non-statutory stock option plan for the purpose of permitting certain key employees and consultants to acquire equity in the Company and to promote the growth and profitability of the Company by attracting and retaining key employees. No executive officer or director of the Company is eligible to receive options under the 2011 plan. In general, the plan allows granting of up to 33,333 shares of the Company’s common stock at an option price to be no less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date such options are granted. Options granted under the plan vest ratably on the annual anniversary date of the grants. Vesting periods for options currently granted under the plan range from one to five years. There have been 25,000 shares granted under this plan.

The Company also has a 2014 equity incentive plan for the purpose of permitting certain key employees to acquire equity in the Company and to promote the growth and profitability of the Company by attracting and retaining key employees. The plan allows granting of up to 250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an option price to be no less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date such options are granted. Options granted under the plan vest ratably on the annual anniversary date of the grants. Vesting periods for options currently granted under the plan range from one to five years. There have not been shares granted under this plan.

The Company periodically grants nonqualified stock options to non-employee directors of the Company. These options are granted for the purpose of retaining the services of directors who are not employees of the Company and to provide additional incentive for such directors to work to further the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. The options granted to these non-employee directors are exercisable at a price representing the fair value at the date of grant and expire either five or ten years after date of grant. Vesting periods for options currently granted range from one to two years.

On September 23, 2010, the Company granted Mr. Sheerr, who is employed by the Company as the General Manager of the acquired Micro Memory Bank, Inc. (“MMB”) business unit described in Note 2 and is an executive officer of the Company, nonqualified stock options to purchase 16,667 shares of the Company’s common stock pursuant to his employment agreement. On September 22, 2011, the Company granted Mr. Sheerr additional nonqualified stock options to purchase 16,667 shares of the Company’s common stock, pursuant to his employment agreement. On July 19, 2012, the Company granted Mr. Sheerr additional nonqualified stock options to purchase 16,667 shares of the Company’s common stock, also pursuant to his employment agreement. The options granted are exercisable at a price representing the fair value at the date of grant and expire five years after date of grant. The options vested in one year.

New shares of the Company's common stock are issued upon exercise of stock options.

As required by the “Compensation - Stock Compensation” Topic of the FASB, the accounting for transactions in which an enterprise receives employee services in exchange for (a) equity instruments of the enterprise or (b) liabilities that are based on the fair value of the enterprise’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity instruments are accounted for using a fair value-based method with a recognition of an expense for compensation cost related to share-based payment arrangements, including stock options and employee stock purchase plans.

Our consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine month periods ended January 31, 2015 include approximately $5,000 and $14,000 of stock-based compensation expense, respectively. The three-and nine- month periods ended January 31, 2014 include approximately $5,000 and $43,000 of stock-based compensation expense, respectively. These stock option grants have been classified as equity instruments and, as such, a corresponding increase has been reflected in additional paid-in capital in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model.

A summary of option activity for the nine months ended January 31, 2015 is as follows:

b. Other Stock Options

On June 30, 2008, the Company granted options to purchase 8,333 shares of the Company’s common stock to a privately held company in exchange for certain patents and other intellectual property. The options granted are exercisable at a price of $15.60 per share, which was the fair value at the date of grant, were 100% exercisable on the date of grant and expire ten years after the date of grant.